Multilateral Energy Cost Monitoring

Latest: ECM_202508 (published on September 6, 2025)

RUEC (Real Unit Energy Cost)

1. RUEC Levels

Unit: Share (GDP at current market prices in each period=100% in each country). Period: Q1 2015–Q2 2025. Notes: The prices are seasonally adjusted and include taxes and subsidies. The volumes are seasonally adjusted.

2. Post-Pandemic RUEC Indices

Unit: Index (average RUEC in 2015–2019=1.0 in each country). Period: Q4 2019–Q2 2025. Notes: The counts after the country name indicate the peaks in RUEC surges and the recovered level as of Q2 2025 relative to the pre-pandemic level. The prices are seasonally adjusted and include taxes and subsidies. The volumes are seasonally adjusted.

RUEC Decomposition

1. Asia (China, Japan, and Korea) and the U.S.

Unit: Index (RUEC in Q1 2015=1.0). Period: Q1 2015–Q2 2025. Notes: The prices are seasonally adjusted and include taxes and subsidies. The volumes are seasonally adjusted.

2. EU (France and Germany) and the UK

Unit: Index (RUEC in Q1 2015=1.0). Period: Q1 2015–Q2 2025. Notes: The prices are seasonally adjusted and include taxes and subsidies. The volumes are seasonally adjusted.